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Zoomlion crane hydraulic control valve block

 
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Introduction to hydraulic control valves

Hydraulic control valve is a component used to control parameters such as pressure, flow and direction in the hydraulic system. The function of the hydraulic control valve (referred to as the hydraulic valve) in the hydraulic system is to control and regulate the flow direction, pressure and flow rate of the oil, so that the actuator and its driven working mechanism obtain the required movement direction, thrust (torque) and Movement speed (rotation speed), etc., any hydraulic system, no matter how simple it is, is indispensable for hydraulic valves. It is also the component with the most varieties and specifications and the most widely used components in hydraulic technology.


Hydraulic control valves are mainly divided into pilot type and control type

The pilot type uses control components (such as pressure valves and throttle valves) to control parameters such as pressure, flow and direction in the hydraulic system through changes in the internal structure.


Here are some common hydraulic control valves:

1. Pilot type: It is the most basic and commonly used type of hydraulic control valve. There is direct contact between the pilot component (such as a pressure valve) and the controlled object (such as a cylinder) through the pilot hole on the control valve. It is also a basic proportional hydraulic control valve. Its structural feature is to change parameters such as pressure, flow and direction in the controlled system by directly replacing the hydraulic oil in the pilot hole.


2. Proportional type: It is the most advanced, most precise, most accurate and most widely used type of hydraulic control valve. Its control principle is to generate electromagnetic force through a proportional electromagnet to change the flow direction of the hydraulic oil in the pilot hole, thereby controlling the system. Parameters such as pressure, flow and direction.


Classification of hydraulic valves

Hydraulic valves are divided into directional control valves (such as one-way valves, reversing valves), pressure control valves (such as relief valves, pressure reducing valves, sequence valves, etc.) and flow control valves (such as throttle valves, speed regulating valves, etc.) according to their functions. ) and other three basic types of valves.


Hydraulic valves are mainly composed of valves, valve cores, slide valves, valve seats, base plates, oil circuit blocks, accessories, etc.

1. Valve: A device used to adjust the direction, pressure and flow of fluid in the fluid transmission circuit.

2. Slide valve: a valve that connects or cuts off the flow channel with the help of a movable sliding piece. Movement can be axial, rotational, or both.

3. Valve core: A valve part that uses its movement to achieve the basic functions of direction control, pressure control or flow control.

4. Valve seat: a valve that opens or closes the flow passage by lifting or lowering the valve core (ball valve core or poppet valve core).

5. Oil circuit block: a basic block for installing two or more plate valves, with external interfaces and flow channels connecting each valve.

6. Base plate: The mounting plate for a single plate valve, with interfaces for pipeline connections.

7. Accessories: springs, bolts, O-ring seals, etc.


Control method of hydraulic valves

1. Manual control, the control method of manual operation is called "manual".

2. Mechanical control: The control method that uses mechanical parts, such as shafts, cam mechanisms, levers, etc., is called "machine control".

3. Hydraulic control: Control using the pressure of the liquid in the pipeline is called "hydraulic control or hydraulic".

4. Pneumatic control: Using pressure gas as actuator for control is called "pneumatic control".

5. Electrical control: A control method that relies on changes in the status of electrical instruments or instruments, referred to as electronic control.

6. Servo control: A control method in which the given signal on the controlled component is compared with the signal feedback of the actual state, and the control method is carried out according to the signal.

7. Automatic control: Fully automated control, a control method that does not require human intervention.

8. Internal pressure control: The method of providing control fluid from inside the controlled component, referred to as "internal control".

9. External pressure control: The method of providing control fluid from outside the controlled component, referred to as "external control".

10. Internal oil drain: The oil passage is connected to the oil return passage inside the component, so that the drain oil and return oil are combined, which is referred to as "internal drain or internal drainage".

11. External oil drain: The way in which the drained oil is separately led from the drain port of the component, referred to as "external leakage or external drain".



Use and install of hydraulic valves


1. Cartridge valve: The working piece is installed in the valve sleeve and installed in the valve body together, and its oil port matches the oil port of the valve body.

2. Plate valve: a valve that can only work when connected to the base plate or oil circuit block.

3. Stacked valve: A component composed of a group of similar valves stacked together, usually with an oil supply and oil return system.



Function of hydraulic valves


Because the control valve has a simple structure and is easy to adjust, it is widely used in various hydraulic equipment. Its main functions are:

1. Change the working status of each component in the system.

2. Change pressure and flow.

3. Control the direction and size of pressure and flow.

4. Achieve certain special functions, such as anti-shock, anti-vibration, etc.

5. Eliminate or reduce the impact of noise on the working environment.


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